Thursday, March 7, 2013

Starts and Stops Make up a Trip


Vayakel- Pekude
Exodus 35:1 - 40:38

Précis: In Vayakel, Moses instructs the People again on the laws of Shabbat, and asks for a donation of gifts (both of material and service) for the construction of the Tabernacle. The appointment of the construction leaders is also included, and the construction begins. There are again specific descriptions of implements, articles, and of the Ark itself. The final parasha of the Book of Exodus, Pekude, begins with an inventory of the items used in the construction of the Tabernacle, as well as the vessels and clothing collected by Moses and Aaron.  When the accounts are squared, the completed structure is blessed. The Ark is placed within the Tabernacle, as are the various holy vessels, and a cloud of glory descends and covers the tent.

Exodus 40:38 “For over the Tabernacle a cloud of the Eternal rested by day, and fire would appear in it by night, in the view of all the house of Israel throughout their journeys”

The final Hebrew words of the Book of Exodus are “b’chol mas’ei’hem.” The text uses the plural for “journeys.” Since the 40 years of the wilderness following the Exodus took place in the wilderness, was this not a singular “journey?”
              
The great commentator Rashi asked the same question. He says, “The place where they camped was also known as a journey, a “masa.”  But this is not a simple answer, since it equates a stop along the way as a separate journey. When I drive to my vacation house and stop along the Jersey Turnpike to refuel, I don’t consider it two “journeys.” It turns out that Rashi is relying on a prior verse (40:36) that Israel "journeyed" when the cloud lifted and "journeyed" here, when the cloud of God’s glory remained in place. Both are distinct journeys. In other words, the text is telling us that a journey consists of going and coming, moving and resting. Where we pause is just as important as where we go.
              
The entire journey through the Wilderness is an obvious metaphor for a journey through life. It’s not a single, uninterrupted trip, but a series of starts and stops, of success and setback, challenge and defeat. We are charged with taking note of what transpires when we are in motion and when we are at rest. As Jewish professionals and as parents and spouse and children, there are times for action, and times to “let it be.”
              
There is a final deeply important matter about the use of the plural “journeys.” Used here, the word describes a trip more than 3,000 years ago through a wilderness by our ancient ancestors. We, too, are on a journey, connected to theirs, and we can have faith that the cloud of the Eternal is visible through our own part of the journey, if only we know where to look for it.

Friday, March 1, 2013

A Golden Opportunity



Ki Tissa
Exodus 30:11-34:35

Précis: The parasha begins with a census of the people, accomplished by the collection of a half shekel.  We then return to a description of Tabernacle items, including the basin, anointing oil, and incense. The holy work of building the Tabernacle is to be interrupted by Shabbat. Then we return to narrative. Moses is given the two tablets and he descends from Mount Sinai. There he sees the people worshipping the Golden Calf.  The tablets are smashed and the evil doers are punished. Moses returns up the mountain, and we next have the articulation of the 13 attributes of God. Moses carves a new set of tablets, and returns to the People, his face radiant.

Exodus 32:1 “When the people saw that Moses was so long in coming down from the mountain, the people gathered against Aaron and said to him, ‘Come, make us a god who shall go before us from the land of Egypt - we do not know what has happened to him.’”
                
               The wording of this verse is unusual. What, exactly, did the people “see?” For context, prior to Moses’ ascent up Mount Sinai, they were used to his presence, and with that presence, an on-going series of miraculous events. Moses has disappeared, and where were the miracles that signal God’s presence and protection in the midst of the wilderness? To give this thought some credence, it is noted that the Hebrew phrase we translate here as “the people saw” can also be translated as “the people feared.”
               The People demand the creation of an idol. Is this to replace God? Or is it more likely that they were seeking a replacement of Moses, who had successfully interceded with God on their behalf? This is the conclusion which Nachmanides makes. To take Moses’ place, they approach his brother Aaron. Aaron, however, is characterized (by tradition) as a man of peace, of conflict avoidance (shalom bayit). He is not the prophetic leader his brother is. For the sake of peace, Aaron agrees to manufacture an idol, the Golden Calf. As a result, Moses comes down at God’s command, sees what’s occurring, and destroys the first tablets.
               The difference of leadership between Aaron and Moses is stark. Aaron is the negotiator, Moses the stern master. The people are looking for a leader who they can trust, a leader who they can believe in. Aaron’s leadership is focused on keeping the people together, a not insignificant task. Moses teaches us that leadership comes from having the courage of one’s convictions, and allowing others to see that courage. In these days where it is common to question the real leadership ability of our elected officials, there just might be some important lessons to consider here.